How do you draw a contour map? Please don't ignore if you know the answer!!?

Question

I need to draw a contour map myself, (not referring to model or pictures) and I need to include several kinds of landforms ( e.g cliff, concave slope, convex slope... )

Do you know some good websites which can tell me in details how to draw one? or you can tell me yourself :)

Thank you in advance.
Your answer will mean a lot to me.


* basically, i need to draw a contour map on a piece of paper and I do not need to refer to any model or pictures, I just need to create a contour map of my own.

Answer 1

A contour map is basically one of the topography--or layout--of the land. Topographic maps conventionally show topography, or land contours, by means of contour lines. Contour lines are curves that connect contiguous points of the same altitude (isohypse). In other words, every point on the marked line of 100 m elevation is 100 m above mean sea level.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Topographic_map_example.png

is an enlarged picture of such a map. It is an inset from the USGS (or US Geologic Survey) topographic map of Stowe, Vermont, USA, featuring 20-foot (6.096 m) contour intervals. The scale is 1:24,000 (or 1 inch=24,000 feet)

A contour line joins points of equal elevation (height) above a given level, such as mean sea level (listed on contour maps as 0 feet) . A contour map is a map illustrated with contour lines, for example a topographic map, which thus shows valleys and hills, and the steepness of slopes. The contour interval is the difference in elevation between successive contour lines. When calculated as a ratio against the map scale, a sense of the hilliness of the terrain can be derived.



http://www.ask.com/bar?q=how+do+you+draw+contour+maps&page=1&qsrc=0&ab=4&u=http%3A%2F%2Facademic.brooklyn.cuny.edu%2Fgeology%2Fleveson%2Fcore%2Flinksa%2Felevation.html

This gives you step-by-step directions on how to draw a topographic (contour) map. =)



http://www.ask.com/bar?q=Drawing+Contour+Maps+of+a+Cliff%2C&page=1&qsrc=168&ab=6&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.crayola.com%2Flesson-plans%2Fdetail%2Fcontour-maps-lesson-plan%2F

Cliffs and/or mountains are shown by irregular shapes that outline the edges of changes in altitude. These shapes appear to be inside of each other. In reality, if you read the map accurately, you'll realize that they are actually stacked, with each smaller shape placed on top of the larger one beneath it.



http://www.map-reading.com/ch10-4.php#fig10-8

A concave slope 'bends in' rather like a cave and is usually associated with a re-entrant. The contour lines are close together at the higher end of the feature than they are at the lower end.

Contour lines showing a convex slope on a map will be widely spaced at the top and closely spaced at the bottom .

(Think of these as a bowl with lines drawn around it, both inside and out. The inside of the bowl, when sitting upright, would be the concave slope, while upside down, the outside of the bowl would be the convex slope.)

Answer 2

A contour map is a map of the topography of an area. Let's say you have a perfectly circular hill. There would be a line around that hill at, say, the 700 feet mark, to denote the point at which the ground rose above 700 feet. Then another at 710 feet, inside the first ring on the map, since the area that is above 710 feet is smaller than how much of the hill is above 700. It goes like this until you reach the top of the hill, at the center of all the rings. When you have a slope, the lines denoting changes in ground level will be straight, kinda curvy lines. The steeper the slope, the closer together the lines are, because looking at the map is like looking at it from directly above, and you are not counting distance in length or width, but in height. So a cliff, for example, would have contour lines from many different ground levels converging into one line, since it's vertical and to a bird's eye view, they would overlap.

Answer 3

These are hard to describe and much easier to draw. In general the contour lines are far apart on flat land and get closer as the land gets steeper. On a concave slope the lines will be concave. A cliff will have lines far apart then very close together with little or no transition. The ridge will have lines on both sides that vary in distance The valley will have lines on both sides that are close together Mountain will be a series of rings that can irregular in shape Convex slope will have convex lines. A contour map includes elevations at certain intervals. These are key to showing the shape of the land. The contour lines are drawn at regular intervals, like 10 feet with the elevations shown every 100 feet. You should go to a map site like Yahoo! maps Terraserver, and look at the topographic versions of these types of features. Look at central Colorado, or the California, Nevada border to see a variety of features. You will have to zoom in pretty close. Google maps sometimes also give a 3D depiction of terrain



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